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同時代の人間だった。
「純粋理性批判」は1781年、ラグランジュアン力学は1788年。

1781: Immanuel Kant, Critique of pure reason
1781: William Herschel, discovery of Uranus
1781: Charles Messier, catalog of nebulae
1781: Heinrich Olbers, Uranus is a planet, not a comet
1782: William Herschel, catalog of double stars
1782: Antoine Lavoisier, distinction between elements and compounds
1782: William Herschel, sun's motion through space
1783: John Michell, Newtonian black hole
1783: Rene Hauy, nature of crystals
1784: Henry Cavendish, water is a compound of oxygen and hydrogen
1784: Pierre Laplace, electrostatic potential
1785: Charles Augustin de Coulomb, electric force proportional to product of charges and inverse square of distance
1786: Antoine Lavoisier, distinction between elements and compounds
1787: Antoine Lavoisier, system for naming chemicals
1788: Joseph Lagrange, Lagrangian mechanics

このリンクも年表。
http://www.truephysics.com/timeline/timeline1751_1799.html